Ethiopian Liturgical Art at the Cathedral in Emdibir (Including Iconography of Popes Benedict XVI and John Paul II)

While we've covered Byzantine, or Eastern Roman, Christian art, that is, of course, not the sole expression of Christian liturgical art in the East. One of the more unique expressions and traditions of the Christian East is the liturgical art of the Ethiopian church and recently a reader sent us some photographs of the Ehtiopian cathedral of St. Anthony in Emdibir, which was established in 2003 by decree of Pope St. John Paul II. 

Our reader provides us with some background context:

Discovering the wonderful frescoes of the Ethiopian Catholic cathedral of Emdibir, undoubtedly the most beautiful in the country, theser absolutely fabulous frescoes were painted from 2010 to 2017 by a renowned Tigrean iconographer, Mel'ake Ghenet Berhè, an Orthodox priest and his son. It was his fifty-sith painted church, fifty of which are Orthodox and six of which are Catholic. 

Our reader has provided the following photos, which were provided by Henri Adam de Villiers. The style will seem very rustic, even "folk" to many of our readers, but it is worth highlighting the fact that these images do represent the authentic Ethiopian Christian tradition and style. 

This is a style that admittedly may not be to everyone's own personal tastes and preferences, but I believe it is important that our readers be aware that traditional styles such as these exist. 

The iconostasis
Detail showing the Royal Doors of the iconostasis
The royal doors depict the Archangels Michael and Raphael, shown as guardians of the gates of paradise.

Stepping past the iconostasis we enter what the Ethiopians call the Holy of Holies (a reference back to the Jewish temple). We can see here the Holy Table (altar).
Detail of the ciborium over the altar

Detail of the image of the Mother of God found in the sanctuary.  The Mother of God is highly venerated in the Ethiopian liturgy where the Ave Maria is recited several times during the course of the liturgy.
Within the sanctuary we can also find various Old Testament typological references to Christ. Specifically we see here the sacrifice of Abel, the tablets of the Law given to Moses at Mount Sinai, and the sacrifice of bread and wine by Melchisedech -- these are typological references we also see in Byzantine liturgical art.
Pentecost is symbolically depicted within the cathedral, symbolically adjacent to the depiction of the Tower of Babel. The symbolism here, of course, being that while the pride of mankind at Babel resulted in mankind being put into confusion, speaking different tongues, Pentecost (and Christ) remedies that situation for mankind. 

The Holy Deacon, Yared, in the 6th century shown organizing the Ethiopian ecclesiastical plainchant called 'Zema.' In the top panel, Yared teaches the chanters, beneath he explains his works to the Emperor Caleb of Ethiopia.
The Agony in the Garden

The Last Judgment is found on the Western wall of the Cathedral. Take note of the two empty books. The intended symbolism here is that these books will be filled by the works of the faithful themselves, who are reminded that they will be judged by their actions as they leave the liturgy and cathedral and go back out into the world.
Our final two images will no doubt be of particular interest to readers. They depict two recent popes: Benedict XVI and St. John Paul II. For that reason I thought I would save them until last and single them out.

Pope Benedict XVI and St. John Paul II. Beneath is St. Luke. 
Detail showing the iconography of Pope Benedict XVI and St. John Paul II. 

Photo credits: Henri Adam de Villiers

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