The mantum that St. Pius X chose to wear for this formal portrait is one of his predecessors, namely Pope Leo XIII -- which can be clearly enough seen and understood by the fact of the stemma of the mantum being his. This particular mantum was produced between 1887-88 by the Romanini atelier for the occasion of the Leo's priestly jubiliee (which is noted in an embroidery hidden beneath the hood/shield).
As with our previous examples, the base fabric is a white/gold silk lamé and inside it is lined in white silk taffeta. The embroidery itself is of golden thread and 78 precious stones decorate the details. The design itself within the embroideries is quite typical to the period, incorporating floriated ornaments with Eucharistic motifs such as grapes, grape leaves and vines as well as shafts of wheat.
